contraption -
A machine or device that appears strange or unnecessarily complicated, and often badly made or unsafe
Cedric built a contraption on top of his motorcycle to transport his family, but he had good reason to be concerned about their safety.
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vanguard -
A group of people that leads the way for others, in ideas or battle.
During the 1980's, a small group of tech companies in Silicon Valley, California were the vanguard that led the world in new developments that changed the world.
adjective
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controversial -
Relating to topics that people have strong, opposing opinions about, that cause disagreement, debate, or argument.
The movie received mixed reviews because of its controversial ending.
noun
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thingamajig -
Used to refer to something whose name one has forgotten, does not know, or does not wish to mention
Cherie didn't know anything about cars, so she would frequently ask the mechanic, "What does that thingamajig do?"
noun
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novice -
Someone who is beginning to learn a skill or subject
Because Mary was a novice programmer, she often asked her co-workers for help and advice.
noun
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rookie -
A beginner who has little or no experience.
The rookie mountain climbers descended at a safer location than the experts and had additional supervision to ensure their safety while they gained experience.
noun
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trailblazer -
A person who is the first to do something, making a path for others to follow, an innovator or pioneer in a particular field or activity.
Marie Curie was a trailblazer in the field of science and research.
verb
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upgrade -
To improve something to a higher level
When Betty got messages that her Windows 7 was no longer being supported, she realized it was time to upgrade to Windows 10.
verb
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concoct -
To invent or devise a plan, story, or excuse, often in a clever or dishonest way.
They concocted a brilliant plan to surprise their friend on her birthday.
adjective
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spontaneous -
Happening extremely quickly, starting in a single moment
When Doris saw the gunman start shooting in the schoolyard, her spontaneous impulse was to run and hide behind a car.
adjective
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raw -
In a natural and unprocessed state, in its original or unprotected form.
After the accident, his skin was raw from the abrasion, and he needed medical attention to prevent infection.
verb
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revamp -
To give new and improved form, structure, or appearance to something.
Every year, Apple revamps its iPhone line with a new model that has different features.
